Evil Deceivers and Make-Believers

This essay examines the stereotype that transgender people are “deceivers” and the
stereotype’s role in promoting and excusing transphobic violence. The stereotype
derives from a contrast between gender presentation (appearance) and sexed body
(concealed reality). Because gender presentation represents genital status, Bettcher
argues, people who “misalign” the two are viewed as deceivers. The author shows
how this system of gender presentation as genital representation is part of larger sexist
and racist systems of violence and oppression.

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