Endocrine Treatment for Adolescents – Gires’ Final Report to the Nuffield Foundation

Funding provided by The Nuffield Foundation and other
charitable donors has enabled the Gender Identity
Research and Education Society (GIRES) to undertake a
highly important project. Its purpose is to improve the
treatment offered, in the UK and other countries, to
adolescents who experience profound and persistent
discomfort with the gender role assigned at birth
because it clashes with their innate gender identities.
Such severe discomfort is rare, affecting about 1 in 4,000
in the adult population. Those that make a permanent
transition to a gender role that conforms to their gender
identities, who may be termed transsexual people,
usually have memories of such discomfort that date
back to their early childhood. Gender discomfort may be
detected in children aged as young as three or four but
its outcome cannot be confidently predicted until
puberty. Transsexual people often regret that they were
not treated at the onset of puberty, when they
experienced intense stress as their bodies began to
develop in conflict with their gender identities. During
puberty, young transsexual men develop breasts, start
to menstruate and sometimes become frustrated by their
small stature. Young transsexual women's voices
deepen, they grow beards and prominent adam's apples,
experience erections and become taller than most other
women. Modern medical treatment can safely prevent
those unwanted changes.

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